Xa uqalisa iprojekthi echulumancisayo- nokuba kukwakha umatshini we-CNC wedesktop echanekileyo kunye neempazamo okanye ingalo yerobhothi ehamba kakuhle- ukukhetha amacandelo amandla angundoqo angundoqo kuhlala kusitshixo sempumelelo. Phakathi kwezinto ezininzi zokubulawa, iinjini ze-stepper ezincinci ziye zaba lolona khetho lukhethwayo kubenzi, iinjineli, kunye nabavelisi ngenxa yolawulo lwazo oluchanekileyo oluvulekileyo, ukugcinwa kwetorque okugqwesileyo, kunye neendleko eziphantsi.
Nangona kunjalo, ujongene neentlobo ezininzi zeemodeli kunye neeparamitha ezintsonkothileyo, ungayikhetha njani eyona moto ifanelekileyo ye-stepper yerobhothi yakho okanye kumatshini weCNC? Ukukhetha ukhetho olungalunganga kunokubangela ukuchaneka okukumgangatho ophantsi, amandla angonelanga, okanye ukusilela kweprojekthi. Esi sikhokelo siya kusebenza njengencwadi yakho yokugqibela yokukhetha, kukuthatha inyathelo ngenyathelo ukucacisa yonke imiba ephambili kwaye wenze izigqibo zobulumko.
Inyathelo 1: Qonda iimfuno eziphambili - umahluko osisiseko phakathi kweerobhothi kunye neCNC
Phambi kokuba uvavanye naziphi na iiparameters, kufuneka ucacise iimfuno ezingundoqo zemeko yesicelo sakho semoto.
Iiprojekthi zerobhothi (ezinje ngeengalo zerobhothi, iirobhothi ezihambayo):
Iimfuno eziphambili: impendulo eguqukayo, ubunzima, ubungakanani, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Amalungu eerobhothi afuna ukuyeka rhoqo, isantya esiguquguqukayo, kunye notshintsho lwendlela, kwaye ubunzima bemoto buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umthwalo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Iimpawu eziphambili: Nika ingqalelo ngakumbi kwi-torque yesantya (ingakumbi isantya esiphakathi ukuya kwisantya esiphezulu) kunye namandla kumlinganiselo wobunzima.
Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC (ezinje ngoomatshini bokukrola be-3-axis, oomatshini bokusika i-laser):
Iimfuno eziphambili: ukutyhala, ukutyibilika, ukugcina itorque, kunye nokuchaneka. Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC kufuneka boyise ukuxhathisa okukhulu ngexesha lokusika okanye ukukrola, gcina intshukumo egudileyo ukunqanda ukungcangcazela, kunye nokuma ngokuchanekileyo.
Iimpawu eziphambili: Nika ingqalelo ngakumbi ekugcineni i-torque ngezantya eziphantsi, isisombululo senyathelo elincinci lokunciphisa ukungcangcazela, kunye nokuqina kwemoto.
Ukuqonda lo mahluko usisiseko sisiseko sazo zonke izigqibo zokukhetha ezilandelayo.
Inyathelo lesi-2: Ukutolikwa kweeParameters ezintlanu eziphambili zeMicro stepper Motors
Nazi iiparameters ezingundoqo ezintlanu ekufuneka uziqwalasele kwincwadana yedatha.
1. Ubungakanani kunye ne-torque - ilitye lembombo lamandla
Ubungakanani (inombolo yesiseko somatshini): ngokuqhelekileyo ibonakaliswe ngeemilimitha (ezifana ne-NEMA 11, 17, 23). Umgangatho we-NEMA uchaza imilinganiselo yokufakela iinjini, hayi ukusebenza kwazo. I-NEMA 17 yisayizi ethandwa kakhulu kwiirobhothi zedeskithophu kunye ne-CNC, ukufikelela kwibhalansi elungileyo phakathi kobukhulu kunye ne-torque. I-NEMA 11/14 encinci ifanelekile kumalungu e-robot yomthwalo wokukhanya; I-NEMA 23 enkulu ifanelekile kumatshini omkhulu weCNC izixhobo.
Gcina itorque: Iyunithi yi-N · cm okanye i-Oz · in. Le yeyona torque iphezulu enokwenziwa yinjini xa inikwe amandla kodwa ingajikelezi. Esi sesona salathisi sibalulekileyo sokulinganisa amandla emoto. Kwizixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC, udinga i-torque eyaneleyo yokubamba ukuxhathisa amandla okusika; Kwiirobhothi, kuyimfuneko ukubala i-torque ephezulu efunekayo kumalungu.
Indlela yokuqikelela itorque efunekayo?
Kwizixhobo zomshini we-CNC, umgaqo ongqongqo kukuba i-torque enokubonelela ubuncinane i-20-30N (malunga ne-2-3 kilograms) i-axial thrust iyadingeka. Oku kufuneka kuguqulwe ngokukhokela kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwesikrufu. Kwiirobhothi, izibalo eziguqukayo ezinzima ziyafuneka ngokusekelwe kubude bengalo, ubunzima bomthwalo, kunye nokukhawuleza. Qinisekisa ukuba ushiya umda we-torque we-30% -50% ukuhlangabezana nezinto ezingaqinisekanga ezifana nokukhuhla kunye ne-inertia.
2.I-angle yesinyathelo kunye nokuchaneka - umphefumlo wesinyathelo
Inyathelo engile: ezifana 1.8 ° okanye 0.9 °. Injini ye-1.8 ° ijikeleza kanye ngamanyathelo angama-200, ngelixa i-0.9 ° motor idinga amanyathelo angama-400. Incinci i-engile yesinyathelo, iphezulu ukuchaneka kwemvelo kwe-motor. Injini ye-0.9 ° idla ngokuba mtyibilizi xa ibaleka ngesantya esiphantsi.
3. Yangoku kunye neVoltage – Ukudityaniswa kwabaqhubi
Inqanaba langoku: Iyunithi yi-Ampere (A). Lo ngowona mgangatho uphezulu wangoku onokuthi ukujijwa kwesigaba ngasinye senjini kunokumelana. Le parameter imisela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba yeyiphi idrayivu omawuyikhethe. Imveliso yangoku yomqhubi kufuneka ihambelane nemoto.
I-Voltage: IiMoto ziqhele ukunikwa umlinganiselo wombane wazo, kodwa owona mbane wokusebenza unokuba phezulu kakhulu kunolu (umiselwa ngumqhubi). Amandla ombane aphezulu anceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kwesantya esiphezulu semoto.
4. I-inductance kunye ne-high-speed performance - izinto eziphambili ezinokuthi zinganakwa ngokulula
I-inductance yinto ephambili echaphazela i-torque ephezulu yemoto. Iimoto ze-inductance ezisezantsi zinokuseka okwangoku ngokukhawuleza, okukhokelela ekusebenzeni ngcono kwizantya eziphezulu. Ukuba amalungu erobhothi yakho afuna ukujikeleza ngokukhawuleza, okanye ukuba umatshini wakho we-CNC ufuna ukonyusa izinga lokutya, kufuneka ubeke phambili ukukhetha iimodeli ezine-inductance ephantsi.
5. Uhlobo lwe-Shaft kunye nendlela yomgca ophumayo - iinkcukacha zoxhumo lomatshini
Iintlobo zeshafti: i-axis ye-optical, shaft enye eflethi, shaft ephindwe kabini, ishaft yegiya. Ukunciphisa uhlobo lwe-D (i-shaft enye eflethi) yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo kwaye inokuthintela ngempumelelo ukudibanisa ekutyibilikeni.
Indlela ephumayo: ephuma ngqo okanye iplug-in. Indlela ye-plug-in (efana ne-4-pin okanye i-6-pin ye-aviation head) ilungele ukufakwa kunye nokugcinwa, kwaye lukhetho olungakumbi.
Inyathelo lesi-3: Iqabane eliyimfuneko - indlela yokukhetha umqhubi wemoto
Imoto ngokwayo ayikwazi ukusebenza kwaye kufuneka idityaniswe nomqhubi we-stepper motor. Umgangatho womqhubi umisela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kokugqibela kwenkqubo.
Microstep: Yahlula inyathelo elipheleleyo kwii-microsteps ezininzi (ezifana ne-16, 32, 256 microsteps). Owona msebenzi uphambili wokunyathela kancinci kukwenza intshukumo yemoto igudiseke kakhulu, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukungcangcazela kunye nengxolo, nto leyo ibalulekileyo kumgangatho ongaphezulu wezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC.
Ulawulo lwangoku: Abaqhubi abagqwesileyo banomsebenzi ozenzekelayo wesiqingatha sangoku. Ukunciphisa ngoku ngokuzenzekelayo xa i-motor imile, ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kobushushu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Iitshiphusi zomqhubi / iimodyuli eziqhelekileyo:
Umgangatho wokungena: A4988- Iindleko eziphantsi, ezifanelekileyo kwiiprojekthi zerobhothi ezilula.
Ukhetho oluPhambili: I-TMC2208/TMC2209- Ixhasa ukuqhuba okuthe cwaka (imowudi ye-StealthShop), ibaleka ngokuzolileyo ngokugqithisileyo, lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kwizixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC, kwaye ibonelela ngemisebenzi yolawulo oluphezulu.
Ukwenza okuphezulu: I-DRV8825/TB6600- ibonelela ngenkxaso ephezulu yangoku kunye ne-voltage, efanelekileyo kwizicelo ezifuna i-torque enkulu.
Khumbula: umqhubi olungileyo unokwandisa amandla emoto.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Inkqubo yoKhetho oluSebenzayo kunye neengcinga ezingezizo eziqhelekileyo
Indlela yokukhetha amanyathelo amane:
Chaza umthwalo: Cacisa ngokucacileyo obona bunzima buphezulu, isantya esifunekayo, kunye nesantya ekufuneka umatshini wakho uhambe ngaso.
Bala itorque: Sebenzisa i-online torque calculator okanye ifomula yoomatshini ukuqikelela itorque efunekayo.
Ukukhetha kwangaphambili kweenjini: Khetha iimodeli ezi-2-3 ezisekelwe kwiimfuno zetorque kunye nobukhulu, kwaye uthelekise isantya setorque.
Umqhubi womdlalo: Khetha imodyuli efanelekileyo yomqhubi kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba langoku lemoto kunye nemisebenzi efunekayo (njengesimumu, ulwahlulo oluphezulu).
Iingcamango ezingezizo eziQhelekileyo (Ukunqanda iSikhokelo seMihadi):
Umbono ongalunganga 1: Inkulu itorque, ingcono. Itorque egqithisileyo ithetha iimoto ezinkulu, ubunzima obunzima, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, nto leyo eyingozi kakhulu kumalungu erobhothi.
Umbono ongalunganga 2:Gxininisa kuphela ekugcineni i-torque kwaye ungayihoyi i-torque ephezulu. I-motor ine-torque ephezulu ngesantya esiphantsi, kodwa njengoko isantya sinyuka, i-torque iya kuncipha. Qiniseka ukuba ujonge itshathi yegophe yesantya setorque.
Umbono ongalunganga 3: Umbane onganelanga. Unikezelo lwamandla ngumthombo wamandla wenkqubo. Unikezelo lwamandla olubuthathaka alukwazi ukuqhuba i-motor ukuba isebenze ngokusemandleni ayo apheleleyo. Umbane wobonelelo lwamandla kufuneka ubuncinci ubuncinci bombane olinganisiweyo womqhubi, kwaye umthamo wangoku kufuneka ube mkhulu kune-60% yesambuku sayo yonke imisinga yesigaba semoto.
Inyathelo lesi-5: Iingqwalasela eziPhambili-Sifuna Sithathele ingqalelo nini iiNkqubo zeLoop ezivaliweyo?
Iinjini ze-stepper eziqhelekileyo zilawulwa ngokuvulekileyo, kwaye ukuba umthwalo ukhulu kakhulu kwaye ubangela ukuba imoto "ilahlekelwe yinyathelo", umlawuli akanakukwazi. Esi sisiphako esibulalayo kwizicelo ezifuna ukuthembeka kwe-100%, njengebakala lorhwebo lwe-CNC machining.
I-motor evaliweyo ye-stepper motor idibanisa i-encoder ekupheleni kwemoto, ekwazi ukubeka iliso kwindawo ngexesha langempela kwaye ilungise iimpazamo. Idibanisa izibonelelo zetorque ephezulu yeemotor ezinyathelayo kunye nokuthembeka kweemoto ze-servo. Ukuba iprojekthi yakho:
Akukho mngcipheko wokutenxa uvunyelwe.
Kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza okuphezulu kwemoto (i-loop evaliweyo inokubonelela ngesantya esiphezulu).
Isetyenziselwa iimveliso zorhwebo.
Ke, utyalo-mali kwinkqubo ye-stepper evaliweyo ifanelekile.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukukhetha i-micro stepper motor efanelekileyo yerobhothi yakho okanye umatshini we-CNC yinjineli yenkqubo efuna ingqwalasela ebanzi yomatshini, umbane, kunye nolawulo lwemiba. Akukho njini 'igqwesileyo', kuphela eyona njini 'yeyona ifanelekileyo'.
Ukushwankathela amanqaku aphambili, ukuqala kwimeko yesicelo, iirobhothi zibeka phambili ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kunye nobunzima, ngelixa izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zibeka phambili i-torque kunye nokuzinza. Bamba ngokuqinileyo kwiiparamitha eziphambili zetorque, okwangoku, kunye ne-inductance, kwaye uyixhobise ngomqhubi ogqwesileyo kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla okwaneleyo. Ngesikhokelo esikweli nqaku, ndiyathemba ukuba ungenza ukhetho olugqibeleleyo lweprojekthi yakho elandelayo, uqinisekise ukuba indalo yakho iqhuba ngokuchanekileyo, ngamandla, kwaye ngokuthembekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-25-2025