U-Musk waphinda wenza intetho enesibindi kwi-"Tesla Investor Day" yokukhululwa, "Ndinike i-10 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, ndiya kusombulula ingxaki yamandla acocekileyo emhlabeni." Kwintlanganiso, uMusk wachaza "iSicwangciso esiPhambili" (Isicwangciso esiPhambili). Kwixesha elizayo, ukugcinwa kwamandla ebhetri kuya kufikelela kwi-240 terawatts (TWH), amandla avuselelekayo ama-terawatts angama-30 (TWH), isizukulwana esilandelayo seendleko zendibano yemoto zincitshiswe ngama-50%, i-hydrogen ukuba ithathe indawo yamalahle ngokupheleleyo kunye nochungechunge lweentshukumo ezinkulu. Phakathi kwabo, into eyadala ingxoxo eshushu phakathi kwabasebenzisi basekhaya kukuba uMusk wathiinjini yemagnethi esisigxinakwisizukulwana esilandelayo seemoto zombane aziyi kuba nemihlaba enqabileyo.
Ingqwalasela yeengxoxo ezishushu zabasebenzisi-intanethi imalunga nomhlaba onqabileyo. Ngenxa yokuba umhlaba onqabileyo ungumthombo obalulekileyo weqhinga lokuthumela ngaphandle e-China, i-China lelona lizwe lithumela kwamanye amazwe umhlaba onqabileyo. Kwimakethi yomhlaba enqabileyo yehlabathi, utshintsho kwimfuno luya kuba nempembelelo kwimo yeqhinga lomhlaba onqabileyo. Abasebenzisi be-intanethi banenkxalabo malunga nokuba ingakanani impembelelo yebango likaMusk lokuba isizukulwana esilandelayo seenjini zemagnethi ezisisigxina aziyi kusebenzisa umhlaba onqabileyo emhlabeni onqabileyo.
Ukwenza oku kucace, umbuzo kufuneka ucazululwe kancinane. Okokuqala, yintoni kanye kanye esetyenziswayo imihlaba enqabileyo; okwesibini, ungakanani umhlaba onqabileyo osetyenziswa kuwoiinjini zemagnethi ezisisigxinanjengepesenti yetotali yobungakanani bemfuno; okwesithathu, singakanani isithuba esikhoyo sokutshintsha umhlaba onqabileyo.
Okokuqala, makhe sijonge kumbuzo wokuqala, yintoni imihlaba enqabileyo esetyenziswa kuyo?
Umhlaba onqabileyo ngumthombo onqongopheleyo, kwaye emva kokwembiwa, kwenziwa izinto ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo. Imfuno esezantsi yezixhobo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindawo ezimbini ezinkulu: izinto zemveli kunye nezitsha.
Izicelo zemveli zibandakanya imboni yesinyithi, imboni yepetrochemical, iglasi kunye neekeramics, ezolimo, i-textile elula kunye nemimandla yempi, njl. Kwintsimi yezinto ezintsha, izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zihambelana namacandelo ahlukeneyo asezantsi, njengezinto zokugcina i-hydrogen kwiibhetri zokugcina i-hydrogen, izinto ezikhanyayo ze-phosphors, izinto ezisisigxina zemagnethi ze-NdFeB, izinto zokupolisha izixhobo ze-polish gautast, izixhobo zokucoca i-polisha.
Ukusetyenziswa kwemihlaba enqabileyo kunokuthiwa banzi kakhulu kwaye kakhulu, oovimba behlabathi bemihlaba enqabileyo ngamakhulu nje ezigidi zeetoni, kwaye iTshayina ithatha malunga nesinye kwisithathu sazo. Kungenxa yokuba umhlaba onqabileyo uluncedo kwaye unqabile ukuba unexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu lesicwangciso.
Okwesibini, makhe sijonge inani lemihlaba enqabileyo esetyenziswe kuyoiinjini zemagnethi ezisisigxinaukunika ingxelo ngenani lilonke lemfuno
Enyanisweni, le ngxelo ayichanekanga. Akunantsingiselo ukuxoxa ukuba mingaphi imihlaba enqabileyo esetyenziswa kwiimotor zemagnethi ezisisigxina. Umhlaba onqabileyo usetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli ekrwada kwiinjini ze-PM, hayi njengeendawo ezisecaleni. Ekubeni uMusk esithi isizukulwana esitsha semagnethi esisigxina asinamhlaba onqabileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba uMusk ufumene itekhnoloji okanye izinto ezintsha ezinokuthatha indawo yomhlaba onqabileyo xa kufikwa kwizinto eziphathekayo zamagnetic. Ke, ukuchaneka, lo mbuzo kufuneka uxoxe, ungakanani umhlaba onqabileyo osetyenziselwa inxalenye yezixhobo ezisisigxina zemagnethi.
Ngokutsho kwedatha yeRoskill, ngo-2020, izixhobo zemagnethi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zisesona sabelo sikhulu semfuno yehlabathi yezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba kwizicelo ezisezantsi, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-29%, izixhobo ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezibalelwa kwi-21%, izixhobo zokugulisa zibalelwa kwi-13%, izicelo zetsimbi zibalelwa kwi-8%, izicelo zeglasi ezikhanyayo zibalelwa kwi-8% yezicelo, i-7% yezicelo zebhetri. I-14%, ebandakanya iiseramikhi, iikhemikhali kunye nezinye iinkalo .
Ngokucacileyo, imathiriyeli yemagnethi esisigxina sisicelo esisezantsi esinemfuno enkulu yomhlaba onqabileyo. Ukuba siqwalasela imeko yokwenyani yophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweshishini lezithuthi zamandla amatsha kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, imfuno yomhlaba enqabileyo yezixhobo zemagnethi esisigxina kufuneka ibe kudala idlule kwi-30%. (Qaphela: Okwangoku, izinto ezisetyenziswa kwiimotor zemagnethi ezisisigxina zezithuthi zamandla amatsha zonke zizinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezisisigxina zemagnethi)
Oku kukhokelela kwisigqibo sokuba imfuno yemihlaba enqabileyo kwizinto zemagnethi esisigxina iphezulu kakhulu.
Umbuzo wokugqibela, ingaba ingakanani indawo enokubakho ukuze umhlaba onqabileyo utshintshwe
Xa kukho itekhnoloji entsha okanye izinto ezintsha ezinokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezisebenzayo zemathiriyeli yemagnethi esisigxina, kusengqiqweni ukucinga ukuba zonke izicelo ezisebenzisa imathiriyeli yamagnethi esisigxina yomhlaba, ngaphandle kweenjini ezisisigxina zemagnethi, zinokutshintshwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukukwazi ukutshintsha akuthethi ukuba kuya kutshintshwa. Oku kungenxa yokuba ixabiso lezorhwebo kufuneka lithathelwe ingqalelo xa kuziwa kusetyenziso lokwenene. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingakanani iteknoloji entsha okanye izinto eziza kuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso kwaye ngaloo ndlela iguquke ibe yingeniso; kwelinye icala, nokuba ixabiso letekhnoloji entsha okanye imathiriyeli iphezulu okanye iphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nezinto zokuqala ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezisisigxina. Kuphela kuxa ithekhnoloji entsha okanye imathiriyeli inexabiso eliphezulu lentengiso kunesixhobo semagnethi esisigxina emhlabeni apho kuya kwenziwa ukutshintshwa komgangatho opheleleyo.
Yintoni eqinisekileyo kukuba kwindawo yokubonelela ngeTesla, ixabiso lentengiso lelinye liphezulu kunelo lezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezisisigxina zemagnethi, ngaphandle koko akuyi kubakho mfuneko yokutyala imali kwi-R&D. Ngokumalunga nokuba itekhnoloji entsha kaMusk okanye izinto ezintsha zinokuguquguquka, nokuba le seti yezisombululo inokukopishwa kwaye idume. Oku kuya kugwetywa ngokwexesha likaMusk elizalisekisa isithembiso sakhe.
Ukuba kwixesha elizayo le nkqubo entsha ye-Musk ihambelana nemithetho yezoshishino (ixabiso eliphezulu lezorhwebo) kwaye inokukhuthazwa, ngoko imfuno yehlabathi jikelele yemihlaba enqabileyo kufuneka ithotywe ubuncinane ngama-30%. Ngokuqinisekileyo, oku kutshintshwa kuya kuthatha inkqubo, kungekhona nje ukuqhwanyaza kweliso. Ukusabela kwimarike kukuhla kancinci kwemfuno yehlabathi yomhlaba onqabileyo. Kwaye ukuncitshiswa kwe-30% kwimfuno kuya kuba nempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwixabiso leqhinga lehlabathi elinqabileyo.
Uphuhliso lwenqanaba letekhnoloji yomntu alutshintshwa yimvakalelo yomntu kunye nentando yakhe. Nokuba abantu bayayithanda okanye abayithandi, bayayamkela okanye abayi, itekhnoloji ihlala ihambela phambili. Endaweni yokumelana nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, kungcono ukujoyina iqela lophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ukukhokela ulwalathiso lwamaxesha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-31-2023