Iimoto ze-stepperingasetyenziselwa ulawulo lwesantya kunye nolawulo lokubeka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izixhobo zempendulo (oko kukuthi ulawulo oluvulekileyo), ngoko ke esi sisombululo sokuqhuba sinoqoqosho kwaye sithembekile. Kwizixhobo zokuzenzekelayo, izixhobo, i-stepper drive isetyenziswa kakhulu. Kodwa abasebenzisi abaninzi bezakhono zobugcisa malunga nendlela yokukhetha i-stepper motor efanelekileyo, indlela yokwenza ukusebenza okungcono kwe-stepper drive okanye banemibuzo engaphezulu. Eli phepha lixoxa ngokukhethwa kwee-stepper motors, ligxile ekusebenziseni amava athile obunjineli bee-stepper motor, ndiyathemba ukuba ukuthandwa kwee-stepper motors kwizixhobo zokuzenzekelayo kuya kudlala indima ekubhekisele kuyo.
1. Intshayelelo yeimoto ye-stepper
I-stepper motor ikwaziwa ngokuba yi-pulse motor okanye i-step motor. Ihamba nge-engile ethile ngalo lonke ixesha imeko yoxinzelelo itshintshwa ngokwesignali ye-input pulse, kwaye ihlala imile kwindawo ethile xa imeko yoxinzelelo ingatshintshi. Oku kuvumela i-stepper motor ukuba iguqule i-input pulse signal ibe yi-angular displacement ehambelanayo yokukhupha. Ngokulawula inani le-input pulses unokumisela ngokuchanekileyo i-angular displacement ye-output ukuze ufumane indawo efanelekileyo; kwaye ngokulawula i-frequency ye-input pulses unokulawula ngokuchanekileyo isantya se-angular ye-output kwaye ufezekise injongo yokulawula isantya. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1960, kwavela iintlobo ngeentlobo zee-stepper motors ezisebenzayo, kwaye kwiminyaka engama-40 edlulileyo kubekho uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo. Ii-Stepper motors ziye zakwazi ukwenza ii-DC motors, ii-asynchronous motors, kunye nee-synchronous motors ecaleni, zaba luhlobo olusisiseko lwee-motor. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zee-stepper motors: i-reactive (uhlobo lwe-VR), i-permanent magnet (uhlobo lwe-PM) kunye ne-hybrid (uhlobo lwe-HB). I-hybrid stepper motor idibanisa iingenelo zeentlobo ezimbini zokuqala ze-stepper motor. I-stepper motor ine-rotor (i-rotor core, iimagnethi ezisisigxina, i-shaft, ii-ball bearings), i-stator (i-winding, i-stator core), ii-cap zangaphambili nangasemva, njl. Eyona moto iqhelekileyo ye-hybrid stepper motor ine-stator enamazinyo amakhulu asi-8, amazinyo amancinci angama-40 kunye ne-rotor enamazinyo amancinci angama-50; i-motor enezigaba ezintathu ine-stator enamazinyo amakhulu ali-9, amazinyo amancinci angama-45 kunye ne-rotor enamazinyo amancinci angama-50.
2, umgaqo woLawulo
Iimoto ye-stepperAyinakuqhagamshelwa ngqo kumbane, kwaye ayinakufumana ngqo imiqondiso ye-pulse yombane, kufuneka yenziwe nge-interface ekhethekileyo - umqhubi we-stepper motor ukuze asebenzisane nombane kunye nomlawuli. Umqhubi we-stepper motor ngokubanzi wenziwe ngumsasazi weringi, kunye nesekethe ye-amplifier yamandla. Isahluli seringi sifumana imiqondiso yolawulo evela kumlawuli. Ngalo lonke ixesha isignali ye-pulse ifunyanwa, imveliso ye-ring divider iguqulwa kube kanye, ngoko ke ukubakho okanye ukungabikho kunye nokuphindaphinda kwesignali ye-pulse kunokumisela ukuba isantya se-stepper motor siphezulu okanye siphantsi, sikhawulezisa okanye sinciphisa ukuqala okanye ukuyeka. Umsasazi weringi kufuneka aphinde ajonge isignali yesalathiso esivela kumlawuli ukuze amisele ukuba utshintsho lwemeko yemveliso lukwimeko entle okanye embi, kwaye ngaloo ndlela amisele ukuqhutywa kwe-stepper motor.
3, iiparameter eziphambili
①Inombolo yebhloko: ikakhulu yi-20, 28, 35, 42, 57, 60, 86, njl.
②Inombolo yesigaba: inani leekhoyili ngaphakathi kwi-stepper motor, inombolo yesigaba se-stepper motor ngokubanzi inezigaba ezibini, ezintathu, kunye nezigaba ezintlanu. I-China isebenzisa ikakhulu ii-stepper motors zezigaba ezibini, ezintathu nazo zinezicelo ezithile. IJapan idla ngokusetyenziswa ngakumbi kwii-stepper motors zezigaba ezibini
③I-engile yenyathelo: ihambelana nesignali ye-pulse, ukufuduka kwe-engile yokujikeleza kwe-rotor yemoto. Ifomula yokubala i-engile yenyathelo le-motor ye-Stepper yile ilandelayo
I-engile yenyathelo = 360° ÷ (2mz)
m inani lezigaba zemoto ye-stepper
Z inani lamazinyo e-rotor ye-stepper motor.
Ngokwefomula engentla, i-engile yenyathelo leemoto ze-stepper ezinezigaba ezibini, ezintathu kunye nezigaba ezintlanu yi-1.8°, 1,2° kunye ne-0.72° ngokulandelelanayo.
④ I-torque yokubamba: yi-torque yokujika kwe-stator yemoto ngokusebenzisa umbane olinganisiweyo, kodwa i-rotor ayijikelezi, i-stator iyayitshixa i-rotor. I-torque yokubamba yeyona parameter ibalulekileyo yee-stepper motors, kwaye sisiseko esiphambili sokukhetha iimoto.
⑤ I-torque yokubeka: yi-torque efunekayo ukuze ujike i-rotor ngamandla angaphandle xa i-motor ingadluli kumbane. I-torque yenye yeempawu zokusebenza zokuvavanya i-motor, kwimeko yezinye iiparameter ziyafana, okukhona i-torque yokubeka incinci kuthetha ukuba "isiphumo se-slot" sincinci, kokukhona inenzuzo ngakumbi ekugudeni kwe-motor esebenza ngesantya esiphantsi iimpawu ze-torque frequency: ikakhulu ibhekisa kwiimpawu ze-torque frequency ezitsaliweyo, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwe-motor kwisantya esithile kunokumelana ne-torque ephezulu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yinyathelo. I-curve ye-moment-frequency isetyenziselwa ukuchaza ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-torque ephezulu kunye nesantya (i-frequency) ngaphandle kokulahleka kwenyathelo. I-curve ye-torque frequency yiparameter ebalulekileyo ye-stepper motor kwaye sisiseko esiphambili sokukhetha i-motor.
⑥ Umlinganiselo wangoku: umsinga wokujika wenjini ofunekayo ukugcina i-torque elinganisiweyo, ixabiso elisebenzayo
4, Ukukhetha amanqaku
Izicelo zoshishino ezisetyenziswa kwisantya se-stepper motor ukuya kuthi ga kwi-600 ~ 1500rpm, isantya esiphezulu, ungacinga nge-closed-loop stepper motor drive, okanye ukhethe amanyathelo okukhetha i-stepper motor stepper program efanelekileyo ngakumbi (jonga umfanekiso ongezantsi).
(1) Ukukhetha i-angle yenyathelo
Ngokwenani lezigaba zemoto, kukho iintlobo ezintathu ze-engile yenyathelo: 1.8° (izigaba ezibini), 1.2° (izigaba ezintathu), 0.72° (izigaba ezibini). Kakade ke, i-engile yenyathelo lesigaba esihlanu inobuchane obuphezulu kodwa i-motor kunye nomqhubi wayo zibiza kakhulu, ngoko ke ayisetyenziswa rhoqo eTshayina. Ukongeza, abaqhubi be-stepper abaphambili ngoku basebenzisa itekhnoloji yokuqhuba i-subdivision, kwi-subdivision ezine ngezantsi, ubuchaneki be-engile yenyathelo le-subdivision busenokuqinisekiswa, ngoko ke ukuba izalathisi zokuchaneka kwe-engile yenyathelo zodwa ukusuka ekuqwalaselweni, i-motor ye-stepper yesigaba esihlanu inokutshintshwa yi-motor ye-stepper yesigaba esibini okanye sesigaba esithathu. Umzekelo, xa kusetyenziswa uhlobo oluthile lwe-lead kwi-screw load ye-5mm, ukuba kusetyenziswa i-motor yokunyathela enezigaba ezimbini kwaye umqhubi ubekwe kwiindawo ezi-4, inani lee-pulses ngokujikeleza kwe-motor yi-200 x 4 = 800, kwaye i-pulse equivalent yi-5 ÷ 800 = 0.00625mm = 6.25μm, oku kuchaneka kunokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezininzi zesicelo.
(2) Ukukhetha i-torque engaguqukiyo (i-torque ebambekayo)
Iindlela zokudlulisa umthwalo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ziquka iibhanti ezihambelanayo, ii-filament bars, i-rack kunye ne-pinion, njl. Abathengi baqala ngokubala umthwalo wabo womatshini (ngokuyintloko i-acceleration torque kunye ne-friction torque) eguqulelwe kwi-torque yomthwalo efunekayo kwi-motor shaft. Emva koko, ngokwesantya esiphezulu sokusebenza esifunekayo kwiintyatyambo zombane, la matyala mabini ahlukeneyo okusetyenziswa ukukhetha i-torque efanelekileyo yokubamba ye-stepper motor ① ukuze kusetyenziswe isantya se-motor esifunekayo se-300pm okanye ngaphantsi: ukuba umthwalo womatshini uguqulwe kwi-motor shaft i-torque yomthwalo efunekayo i-T1, ke le torque yomthwalo iphindaphindwe yi-safety factor SF (ngokuqhelekileyo ithathwa njenge-1.5-2.0), oko kukuthi, i-torque efunekayo yokubamba i-stepper motor Tn ②2 yezicelo ezifuna isantya se-motor se-300pm okanye ngaphezulu: seta isantya esiphezulu i-Nmax, ukuba umthwalo womatshini uguqulelwe kwi-motor shaft, i-torque efunekayo yomthwalo yi-T1, ke le torque yomthwalo iphindaphindwe yi-safety factor SF (ngesiqhelo yi-2.5-3.5), enika i-holding torque Tn. Jonga uMfanekiso 4 uze ukhethe imodeli efanelekileyo. Emva koko sebenzisa i-moment-frequency curve ukujonga nokuthelekisa: kwi-moment-frequency curve, isantya esiphezulu i-Nmax efunekayo ngumsebenzisi ihambelana ne-moment yesinyathelo esilahlekileyo esiphezulu se-T2, emva koko i-motor yesinyathelo esilahlekileyo esiphezulu i-T2 kufuneka ibe ngaphezulu kwama-20% kune-T1. Ngaphandle koko, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha i-motor entsha ene-torque enkulu, kwaye ujonge kwaye uthelekise kwakhona ngokwe-torque frequency curve ye-motor esandul’ ukukhethwa.
(3) Okukhona inani lesiseko senjini likhulu, kokukhona i-torque yokubamba inkulu.
(4) ngokwe-current elinganisiweyo ukukhetha umqhubi we-stepper ohambelanayo.
Umzekelo, umbane olinganisiweyo wemoto eyi-57CM23 yi-5A, uze ulinganise umbane ophezulu ovumelekileyo wemoto ongaphezulu kwe-5A (nceda uqaphele ukuba lixabiso elisebenzayo endaweni yencochoyi), kungenjalo ukuba ukhetha umbane ophezulu wemoto eyi-3A kuphela, umbane ophezulu wemoto unokuba malunga ne-60% kuphela!
5, amava okufaka isicelo
(1) ingxaki yesandi esiphantsi se-stepper motor
I-Subdivision stepper drive yindlela esebenzayo yokunciphisa i-low frequency resonance yee-stepper motors. Ngaphantsi kwe-150rpm, i-subdivision drive isebenza kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukungcangcazela kwe-motor. Ngokwethiyori, okukhona i-subdivision inkulu, kokukhona isiphumo singcono ekunciphiseni ukungcangcazela kwe-stepper motor, kodwa imeko yokwenyani kukuba ukwahlulahlula kuyanda ukuya kwi-8 okanye kwi-16 emva kokuba isiphumo sokuphucula ekunciphiseni ukungcangcazela kwe-stepper motor sifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, bekukho abaqhubi be-resonance stepper abachasene ne-low-frequency resonance abadweliswe ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, uthotho lweemveliso ze-DM zikaLeisai, i-DM-S, itekhnoloji ye-resonance echasene ne-low-frequency. Olu luhlu lwabaqhubi lusebenzisa i-harmonic compensation, ngokusebenzisa i-amplitude kunye ne-phase matching compensation, lunokunciphisa kakhulu i-low frequency vibration ye-stepper motor, ukufezekisa i-vibration ephantsi kunye nokusebenza kwengxolo ephantsi ye-motor.
(2) Impembelelo yokwahlulahlula iimoto ze-stepper ekuchanekeni kokubeka indawo
Isekethe yokuqhuba ulwahlulo lwe-Stepper motor ayinakuphucula kuphela ukugudiswa kwentshukumo yesixhobo, kodwa inokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukuchaneka kwendawo yesixhobo. Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba: Kwiqonga lokunyakaza le-synchronous belt drive, ulwahlulo lwe-stepper motor 4, i-motor inokubekwa ngokuchanekileyo kwinqanaba ngalinye.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-11-2023