Iitapile ezishushu! "- Oku kunokuba yinto yokuqala yokuchukumisa iinjineli ezininzi, abenzi, kunye nabafundi kwiinjini ezincinci ze-stepper ngexesha lokulungiswa kweprojekthi. Yinto eqhelekileyo kakhulu ukuba iinjini ezincinci ze-stepper zivelise ubushushu ngexesha lokusebenza. Kodwa undoqo kukuba, kushushu kangakanani? Kwaye kushushu kangakanani kubonisa ingxaki?

Ukufudumeza okuqatha akunciphisi nje ukusebenza kwemoto, itorque, kunye nokuchaneka, kodwa kukwanyusa isantya sangaphakathi sokuguga ekuhambeni kwexesha, ekugqibeleni kukhokelela kumonakalo osisigxina kwimoto. Ukuba usokola nobushushu beenjini ze-stepper ezincinci kumshicileli wakho we-3D, umatshini we-CNC, okanye irobhothi, eli nqaku lelakho. Siza kukhangela oonobangela bomkhuhlane kwaye sikubonelele ngezisombululo ezi-5 zokupholisa kwangoko.

Icandelo 1: Unobangela wokuphononongwa kwengcambu-kutheni i-micro stepper motor ivelisa ubushushu?

Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukucacisa ingcamango engundoqo: ukufudumeza kwe-micro stepper motors akunakuphepheka kwaye akunakuphepheka ngokupheleleyo. Ubushushu bayo buvela ikakhulu kwimiba emibini:

1. Ilahleko yentsimbi (ilahleko engundoqo): Istator yemoto yenziwe ngamashiti entsimbi ye-silicon ebekiweyo, kwaye indawo enemagnethi etshintshanayo iya kuvelisa imisinga yeeddy kunye ne-hysteresis kuyo, ibangela ubushushu. Le nxalenye yelahleko inxulumene nesantya semoto (i-frequency), kwaye isantya esiphezulu, ilahleko enkulu yentsimbi iqhelekile.

2. Ukulahleka kobhedu (ilahleko yokumelana nokuqina): Lo ngowona mthombo wobushushu kwaye ikwayinxalenye esinokuthi sigxile ekulungiseleleni. Ilandela umthetho kaJoule: P=I ² × R.

P (ukulahlekelwa kwamandla): Amandla aguqulwa ngokuthe ngqo kubushushu.

Mna (ngoku):Umsinga oqukuqela kwi-motor winding.

R (Ukuchasa):Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwe-motor winding.

Ukubeka nje, ubungakanani bobushushu obuveliswayo bulingana nesikwere sangoku. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokunyuka okuncinci kwangoku kunokukhokelela kwisikwere sokunyuka kobushushu. Phantse zonke izisombululo zethu zijikeleza indlela yokulawula ngokwesayensi le yangoku (I).

Icandelo 2: Amatyala amahlanu amakhulu - Uhlalutyo lwezizathu ezithile ezikhokelela kumkhuhlane omkhulu

Xa iqondo lobushushu lemoto liphezulu kakhulu (elifana nokuba shushu kakhulu ukuba ungalibamba, lidla ngokugqitha kuma-70-80 ° C), lidla ngokubangelwa sesinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zizathu zilandelayo:

Ityala lokuqala kukuba umsinga wokuqhuba ubekwe phezulu kakhulu

Le yeyona ndawo iqhelekileyo kunye nephambili yokukhangela. Ukuze ufumane itorque enkulu yemveliso, abasebenzisi bahlala bejika i-potentiometer elawulayo yangoku kubaqhubi (abanje nge-A4988, TMC2208, TB6600) kakhulu. Oku kube nesiphumo ngokuthe ngqo kumbane ojikajikayo (I) ugqithise kakhulu ixabiso elilinganisiweyo lenjini, kwaye ngokuka-P=I ² × R, ubushushu bunyuke kabukhali. Khumbula: ukunyuka kwetorque kuza ngexabiso lobushushu.

Icala lesibini: I-voltage engafanelekanga kunye nemodi yokuqhuba

Umbane wombane uphezulu kakhulu: Inkqubo ye-motor stepper ithatha "i-drive eqhubekayo yangoku", kodwa i-voltage ephezulu yokubonelela ithetha ukuba umqhubi "unokutyhala" i-current kwi-motor winding ngesantya esikhawulezayo, esiluncedo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwesantya esiphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwizantya eziphantsi okanye ekuphumleni, amandla ombane agqithisileyo anokubangela ukuba i-current igawuke rhoqo, inyuse ilahleko yokutshintsha kwaye ibangele ukuba zombini umqhubi kunye nemoto zifudumale.

Ukungasebenzisi ukunyathela okuncinci okanye ukwahlulahlula okungonelanga:Kwimowudi yenyathelo elipheleleyo, i-waveform yangoku yi-square wave, kwaye itshintshi yangoku ngokuphawulekayo. Ixabiso langoku kwikhoyili litshintsha ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwe-0 kunye nexabiso eliphezulu, okukhokelela kwi-torque enkulu kunye nengxolo, kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi. Kwaye ukunyathela okuncinci kugudisa ijiko lotshintsho lwangoku (malunga ne-sine wave), kunciphisa ilahleko ye-harmonic kunye ne-torque ripple, iqhuba ngokutyibilikayo, kwaye ihlala inciphisa isizukulwana sobushushu ukuya kumlinganiselo othile.

Ityala lesithathu: Ukulayisha ngaphezulu okanye iingxaki zoomatshini

Ukugqithiswa komthwalo obekiweyo: Ukuba i-motor isebenza phantsi komthwalo osondeleyo okanye udlula i-torque yayo yokubamba ixesha elide, ukuze unqobe ukuchasana, umqhubi uya kuqhubeka nokubonelela ngokuphezulu kwangoku, okubangelwa ukushisa okuphezulu okuqhubekayo.

Ukubethabethana koomatshini, ukungahambi kakuhle, kunye nokuxinana: Ukufakwa okungafanelekanga kokudibanisa, iileyili zesikhokelo ezihlwempuzekileyo, kunye nezinto zangaphandle kwi-screw yokukhokela zonke zingabangela imithwalo eyongezelelweyo kunye neyongeyomfuneko kwi-motor, ukuyinyanzela ukuba isebenze ngakumbi kwaye ivelise ubushushu obuninzi.

Icala lesine: Ukukhetha okungafanelekanga kweemoto

Ihashe elincinane elitsala inqwelo enkulu. Ukuba iprojekthi ngokwayo idinga i-torque enkulu, kwaye ukhetha i-motor encinci kakhulu ngobukhulu (njengokusebenzisa i-NEMA 17 ukwenza umsebenzi we-NEMA 23), ngoko inokusebenza kuphela phantsi komthwalo ogqithisiweyo ixesha elide, kwaye ukufudumeza okukhulu kuyiphumo elingenakuphepheka.

Ityala lesihlanu: Indawo yokusebenza engalunganga kunye neemeko ezimbi zokulahla ubushushu

Ubushushu obuphezulu be-ambient: I-motor isebenza kwindawo evaliweyo okanye kwindawo eneminye imithombo yobushushu ekufutshane (njengeebhedi zeprinta ze-3D okanye iintloko ze-laser), enciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo kokutshabalalisa ubushushu.

Ukuhanjiswa kwendalo okungonelanga: Injini ngokwayo ingumthombo wobushushu. Ukuba umoya ojikelezayo awujikelezi, ukushisa akukwazi ukuqhutyelwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, okukhokelela ekuqokeleleni ubushushu kunye nokunyuka kobushushu obuqhubekayo.

Icandelo 3: Izisombululo eziSebenzayo -5 Iindlela zokupholisa ezisebenzayo kwiMotor yakho yeMicro Stepper

Emva kokuchonga unobangela, sinokumisela iyeza elifanelekileyo. Nceda ulungise ingxaki kwaye ulungise ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Isisombululo 1: Seta ngokuchanekileyo umsinga wokuqhuba (eyona nto isebenzayo, inyathelo lokuqala)

Indlela yokusebenza:Sebenzisa i-multimeter ukulinganisa i-voltage yereferensi yangoku (i-Vref) kumqhubi, kwaye ubale ixabiso langoku elihambelanayo ngokwefomula (iifomyula ezahlukeneyo zabaqhubi abahlukeneyo). Yimise kwi-70% -90% yenqanaba elilinganisiweyo langoku lemoto. Ngokomzekelo, i-motor ene-rerated current ye-1.5A inokumiselwa phakathi kwe-1.0A kunye ne-1.3A.

Kutheni isebenza: Inciphisa ngokuthe ngqo i-I kwifomula yokuvelisa ukushisa kunye nokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kobushushu ngamaxesha ayisikwele. Xa i-torque yanele, le yeyona ndlela ibiza kakhulu yokupholisa.

Isisombululo sesi-2: Lungiselela amandla ombane wokuqhuba kwaye uvule ukunyathela kancinci

Umbane wokuqhuba: Khetha amandla ombane ahambelana neemfuno zakho zesantya. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-desktop, i-24V-36V luluhlu olubetha ibhalansi elungileyo phakathi kokusebenza kunye nokuveliswa kobushushu. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa amandla ombane aphezulu kakhulu 

Yenza ulwahlulo oluphezulu lokunyathela oluncinci: Misela umqhubi kwimowudi yokunyathela ephezulu (efana ne-16 okanye i-32 yolwahlulo). Oku akuzisi nje intshukumo egudileyo kwaye ithule, kodwa ikwanciphisa ilahleko ye-harmonic ngenxa yemo yamaza egudileyo yangoku, enceda ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kobushushu ngexesha eliphakathi kunye nesantya esisezantsi.

Isisombululo sesi-3: Ukufaka i-heat sinks kunye nokupholisa umoya ngenkani (ukuchithwa kobushushu bomzimba)

Amaphiko okuchitha ubushushu: Kwiimotor ezininzi ezincinci ze-stepper (ingakumbi i-NEMA 17), ukuncamathela okanye ukubethelela i-aluminium alloy heat dissipation fins kwizindlu zemoto yeyona ndlela ingqalileyo neyongayo. Isinki sobushushu sinyusa kakhulu indawo yokuchitha ubushushu kwindawo yemoto, sisebenzisa ukuhanjiswa kwendalo komoya ukususa ubushushu.

Ukupholisa umoya ngenkani: Ukuba isiphumo sokushisa ubushushu ayikalungi, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezivaliweyo, ukongeza ifeni encinci (efana ne-4010 okanye i-5015 fan) yokupholisa umoya ngenkani sisisombululo esiphezulu. Ukuhamba komoya kunokususa ubushushu ngokukhawuleza, kwaye umphumo wokupholisa ubaluleke kakhulu. Le yindlela eqhelekileyo kwiiprinta ze-3D kunye noomatshini be-CNC.

Isisombululo 4: Lungiselela iiSetingi zeDrayivu (Ubuchule obuphezulu)

Iidrive ezininzi zanamhlanje ezikrelekrele, zibonelela ngokusebenza kolawulo lwangoku:

StealthShop II&SpreadCycle: Ngolu phawu lunikwe amandla, xa i-motor imile kangangexesha elithile, umsinga wokuqhuba uya kuncipha ngokuzenzekelayo ukuya kuma-50% okanye nangaphantsi kokusebenza ngoku. Ngenxa yokuba imoto ikwindawo yokubamba ixesha elininzi, lo msebenzi unokunciphisa kakhulu ukufudumeza okumileyo.

Kutheni isebenza: Ulawulo olukrelekrele lwangoku, ukunika amandla awoneleyo xa kufuneka, ukunciphisa inkunkuma xa kungafunekiyo, kunye nokonga amandla kunye nokupholisa ngokuthe ngqo kumthombo.

Isisombululo 5: Jonga ubume bomatshini kwaye ukhethe kwakhona (isisombululo esisisiseko)

Ukuhlolwa koomatshini: Jikelezisa i-motor shaft (kwimo yokucima amandla) kwaye uzive ukuba igudile. Qwalasela yonke inkqubo yothumelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ndawo zixineneyo, zikrwada, okanye zixinana. Inkqubo yomatshini egudileyo inokunciphisa kakhulu umthwalo kwimoto.

Ukukhetha kwakhona: Ukuba emva kokuzama zonke ezi ndlela zingasentla, i-motor isatshisa kwaye i-torque ayanele ngokwaneleyo, ngoko kunokwenzeka ukuba i-motor ikhethwe incinci kakhulu. Ukutshintsha i-motor ngeenkcukacha ezinkulu (ezifana nokuphucula ukusuka kwi-NEMA 17 ukuya kwi-NEMA 23) okanye inqanaba eliphezulu langoku, kunye nokuyivumela ukuba isebenze ngaphakathi kwendawo yayo yokuthuthuzela, ngokwendalo iya kuyisombulula ingxaki yokufudumeza.

Landela inkqubo yokuphanda:

Ukujongana ne-micro stepper motor kunye nokufudumeza okukhulu, unokusombulula ingxaki ngokulandela le nkqubo ilandelayo:

Iimoto zitshisa kakhulu

Inyathelo 1: Khangela ukuba i-drive yangoku ibekwe phezulu kakhulu?

Inyathelo lesi-2: Jonga ukuba umthwalo womatshini unzima kakhulu okanye ukukhuhlana kuphezulu?

Inyathelo lesi-3: Faka izixhobo zokupholisa ngokwasemzimbeni

Qhoboshela isitya sokufudumala

Yongeza ukupholisa umoya ngenkani (ifeni encinci)

Ngaba ubushushu buphucukile?

Inyathelo lesi-4: Cinga ngokukhetha ngokutsha kunye nokutshintsha ngemodeli yemoto enkulu